How to deal with damp as a landlord

Damp issues in rental properties can be a significant headache for landlords, potentially leading to structural damage, health concerns for tenants, and legal complications. As a landlord, you should conduct regular inspections to identify potential damp sources, such as leaks or poor ventilation. Educate tenants on proper ventilation practices, including using extractor fans and avoiding drying clothes indoors.

This guide aims to equip property owners with the knowledge and strategies needed to effectively address and prevent damp problems in their property.

What is damp?

Damp is a common issue in properties, characterised by the presence of excess moisture within the building. This moisture can originate from various sources, including poor ventilation, high humidity, and water leaks.

When excess moisture accumulates, it creates an ideal environment for mould growth, which can have serious health implications for tenants. Poor ventilation exacerbates the problem by preventing moisture from escaping, leading to persistent damp conditions.

Rising damp

This form of moisture intrusion occurs when groundwater moves upward through porous building materials. Rising damp typically impacts the lower part of the ground floor, extending to a height of about one metre. It’s often seen in older structures lacking effective damp-proof courses. Tell-tale signs include:

• Discoloration on walls up to about one metre high

• Peeling wallpaper or paint

• Salty deposits on affected surfaces

• Damaged skirting boards and flooring

Penetrating damp

Penetrating damp results from water ingress through external walls or roofing. Common culprits include:

• Damaged guttering or downpipes

• Cracked rendering or pointing

• Faulty roof tiles or flashing

• Poorly sealed windows or doors

• A leaking roof

This type of damp can affect properties of any age and may be more prevalent in areas exposed to driving rain. Signs of penetrating damp include localised damp patches on walls or ceilings, which may worsen during rainy periods.

Condensation damp

Perhaps the most common form of damp in rental properties, condensation occurs when warm, moist air comes into contact with a cold surface, such as windows or external walls. It’s often exacerbated by poor ventilation and inadequate heating. Indicators include:

• Water droplets on windows and cold surfaces

• Black mould growth, particularly in corners and behind furniture

• Musty odours

• Damp patches on walls, especially in bathrooms and kitchens

Condensation damp is frequently linked to tenant lifestyle factors, such as drying clothes indoors or not using extractor fans.

Landlord insurance considerations

To get a quote for Landlord Insurance or to receive a quote for any of our other insurance products, you can give us a call at 01384429900 to receive more information. However, is important to state that damp is unlikely to be covered to landlord insurance.

Identifying the root causes of damp

Effectively addressing damp in rental properties requires a thorough understanding of its underlying causes. By identifying the root of the problem, landlords can implement targeted solutions that provide long-term relief. If you're thinking about becoming a landlord, check out our landlord starter checklist to get you started.

What are the signs and symptoms of damp and mould?

• Damp patches on walls and ceilings: These patches may appear darker than the surrounding area and can vary in size.

• Mould growth on external walls, window frames, and other surfaces: Mould often appears as black, green, or brown spots and thrives in damp conditions.

• Water stains or mineral deposits on walls and ceilings: These stains can indicate water ingress and may be accompanied by a chalky residue.

• Warping or rotting wood: Excess moisture can cause wooden elements like skirting boards, window frames, and floorboards to warp or rot.

• Musty or damp smell: A persistent musty odour is often a sign of hidden damp issues and mould growth.

Effective solutions for damp problems

Once the root cause of damp has been identified, landlords can implement targeted solutions to address the issue effectively. Here are some proven strategies for tackling different types of damp in rental properties:

Tackling penetrating damp

To combat penetrating damp, focus on sealing the building envelope:

• Repair or replace damaged roofing materials: Address missing tiles, damaged flashing, and degraded felt

• Clean and repair guttering and downpipes: Ensure proper water flow away from the building

• Repoint brickwork and repair render: Use appropriate mortar mixes for the age of the property

• Apply water-repellent treatments to external walls: Consider breathable silicone-based products for older buildings

• Upgrade or repair windows and doors: Ensure proper sealing and flashing around openings

Combating condensation damp

Reducing condensation requires a combination of improved ventilation and moisture control:

• Install or upgrade extractor fans: Fit humidity-controlled fans in bathrooms and kitchens and ensure fans vent directly to the outside

• Improve general ventilation: Install trickle vents in windows and consider whole-house ventilation systems for persistent issues

• Enhance insulation: Address cold spots on walls and ceilings and upgrade loft insulation to current standards

• Provide guidance to tenants: Educate on proper ventilation practices and discourage drying clothes indoors without adequate ventilation

• Consider dehumidification: Install whole-house dehumidifiers for severe cases and provide portable units for localised issues

Treating existing mould growth

Once damp issues are addressed, tackle any existing mould growth:

• Remove visible mould: Use appropriate fungicidal treatments and avoid bleach, which can exacerbate the problem

• Clean and disinfect affected areas: Use specialised anti-mould cleaners and ensure thorough drying after cleaning

• Replace severely affected materials: Remove and replace mould-infested plasterboard or wood

• Apply mould-resistant paints and treatments: Use products designed to inhibit future mould growth

• Monitor and maintain: Conduct regular inspections to ensure mould doesn't return

Preventative measures and maintenance

By implementing preventative measures and maintaining a proactive approach to property upkeep, landlords can significantly reduce the likelihood of damp issues arising in their rental properties. This not only protects the value of the property but also ensures a healthier living environment for tenants, potentially leading to longer tenancies and fewer disputes.